护理英语：外科术前、术中会与术后恢复对话

一、术前所准备好

Before a surgery, much work should be done to make sure the patient's safety.

动手移植手术在此此后为了维护病童份的安全有许多工作要动手。1. Vital signs will be taken and recorded. Tell the doctor anything unusual.第一，要检测并纪录生命先兆。将任何异常原因并不想到他心理医生。2. All prostheses such as contact lenses, artificial limbs and artificial teeth should be taken off.第二，所有假体，例如、假肢以及丝袜都可不该戴着。The anesthetist may prefer that artificial teeth be left in place. So the nurse must consult the anesthetist on this.师有也许希望让高血压戴着丝袜，所以外科医生必需咨询师的敦促。

3. The patient's nail polish and makeup should be removed. You will make it easier for the doctor to observe the patient for cyanosis.

第三，高血压必需除去指甲油并卸妆。这样也许会让心理医生较难辨别病童是否是患有皱纹病。The cyanosis often shows the need for oxygen. Hairpins should also be removed because they will cause contamination皱纹病多半表明高血压须要剩氧。还其所戴着发夹等发饰，以免再加染病。4. The bladder should be emptied by voiding or by catheter. A full bladder could be damaged during surgery.第四，经过咳嗽或者导尿丢弃膀胱。膀胱内充满唾液有也许在移植手术过程里受到严重影响。5. Unless the surgery is a small one, the bowel should be cleaned by enemas before the surgery. It will prevent much discomfort after the surgery. It will also prevent contamination.第五，术前所高血压须要用到肠衣剂丢弃肠道，小移植手术除外。这也许会避免很多术后晕眩副作用。还可以避免染病。6. Sedative is usually given 30 minutes to an hours before the patient is taken to the surgical room. It will make the anesthesia easier.第六，药剂多半在高血压进入移植诊所前所30分钟到一小时内注射。这可以让过程顺利完成地较难一些。After that, the patient should be encouraged to rest quietly. A member of the family may be allowed to stay in the room with the patient.然后可不该鼻音感激高血压进入休眠状态。移植诊所内有时可以允许高血压的一位罹难者陪伴。7. The patient's chart should be taken to the surgical room and it must be complete. It must include all laboratory and X-ray reports, a signed operative permit, etc.第七，高血压的病历表可不该带入移植诊所，并且表格须要完整。后面必需有数所有的化验和X光检查报告以及一份签名的移植手术特许等等。Allergies and required medicine, such as insulin must be shown on the chart.过敏原和所须要类固醇，如胰岛素，也可不在表格里标明。

Excuse me, Ms. Wang. I want to go to the toilet.

劳驾，王于外科医生。我希望去厕所。You need not go to the toilet. Please try the bedpan.你无法去厕所。叮嘱你用便盆吧。How can I urinate in bed?我怎么能在睡觉水泡呢？You know you will not be allowed to get up for several days after the operation. So you must learn to use the bedpan.移植手术此后几天你是不允许下床的。所以你必需语言学家用到便盆。OK. Let me he a try.好吧。我没用。When will I be sent to the operating room?我什么时候进移植诊所？About 8 O'clock. I'll wake you up at 7 O'clock and put down a nasogastric tube through one of your nostrils.至少战至。我也许会在七点于是就你然后从你的眼眶里抽出一根胃管。

Could you tell me why?

你能并不想到我为什么要吊胃管吗？We will give you food through the tube on the second and third day after the operation.移植先于刀第二、三天我们须要通过胃管给你饲养。What time will I be back here?我什么时候能被送回这里？You'll be back at about 3 pm.至少下午日前。How can my wife know about the operation?我妻子怎样了解我移植手术的进展？She can stay in the waiting room. We'll tell her as soon as possible about the operation.她也许会在下班室。移植手术一结束我们也许会来不及指示她。He you signed the consent?你在同意书上表示同意了吗？Yes. What should I do before operation?签了。移植手术前所我可不该动手什么？We'll prepare you by shing and cleaning. Then you'll take a shower. You'll he a liquid diet for supper.我们也许会给你剃须动手清洁。然后你要洗个澡。晚饭你要吃到一些流食。I know. Will the operation hurt very much?我想到了。移植手术也许会很乖吗？Don't worry. You won't feel anything during the operation.别担心，移植手术过程里你不也许会显现出任何头痛。You'll find yourself back in the room after the operation.移植先于刀你昏倒的时候就不太也许在加护了。You may feel some pain and feel drowsy. We will give you an injection to relieve the pain if you can't stand it.你有也许无法忍受想像中乖并昏昏沉沉。如果头痛忍不住的话我们也许会给你注射一些减轻头痛的类固醇。Thank you.明明你 二、移植手术里

Operator, put me through to the operating room please.

话务员，叮嘱小弟我南接移植诊所。Just a minute. The line is engaged.略有等。在此之前所占新线。A few seconds later.几秒钟后。Operation room.移植诊所May I speak to the head nurse?能叮嘱医务人员打来吗？Of course, she's right here.当然可以，她就在这。

Hello, I'm the head nurse. What can I do for you?

小妹，我是医务人员。有什么可以小弟您？What's going on in the operation room right now?移植诊所里在此之前所是什么原因。I he an emergency case coming in.我来不及有一个紧急发病。We're making necessary preparations for an acute appendicitis operation this afternoon Dr. Wang is going to perform the operation.我们在为今天下午王于心理医生的急性阑尾炎移植手术动手必要性准备好。I was asked half an hour ago to see a severely injured patient who has had several of his ribs fractured. He needs a chest operation immediately. Would you arrange for an emergency operation?我半小时前所转交了一个轻微肋骨骨折的病童。他须要尽快给予心脏移植手术。你们小弟我安排紧急移植手术吗？Of course, I'll make the necessary arrangements right away. I'll phone you everything is ready.当然可以。我来不及动手必要性准备好。一切准备好完毕此后我给你打电话。Fine, I'll be waiting for your call.好的，我等你电话。By the way, please tell the nurse that the blood bank will bring us 3 or 4 units of type B blood for surgical use.对了。叮嘱并不想到外科医生血库也许会给我们3或4的单位的B型血供移植手术用到。Anything else?还有其他要透漏的吗？Yes, I'm planning to use a general anesthesia and would like to he an assistant.有，我须要动手上半身，须要一位帮手。All right. I'll let Dr. Wang know it immediately.好的。我来不及指示王于心理医生。Thank you.明明你。You're welcome.不礼貌。After the operation. 三、术后 The patient is in narcosis, take care.高血压还在昏迷状态，多留意。What kind of surgery has he had?他给予了什么移植手术？A chest operation.心脏移植手术。Is he allergic to any drug?他对什么类固醇过敏吗？He's allergic to meperidine.他对哌替啶过敏。Did he lose much blood during the surgery?移植手术里他肾衰竭很多吗？He lost 400 ml of blood and received 2 units of red cells.他肾衰竭400ml。我们给他剩了2的单位的红细胞。Has he received any other fluids?你们给他剩其他液体了吗？1000 ml of 5% dextrose in distilled water.1000毫升含5%的蒸馏水。 四、移植先于刀康复与卫生

After the operation, the surgical patient often needs intensive care.

移植手术此后，外科病童多半须要提高卫生。Here there are some reasons. Of course, some common problems will occur.这其里有一些原因。当然，也也许会有一些就有浮现。The problems can be expected and therefore anticipated.这些关键问题是可以也许的。After the operation, patients often need hemodynamic monitoring.移植手术此后须要对病童顺利完成脏器流体动力学监护。Many of the conditions are related to basic medical problems.病童的很多副作用与基本的临床关键问题方面。Some patients will he intraoperative hemorrhage or postoperative infection.一些病童也许会浮现术里坏死或术后染病。

It may lead to instability. So the patient needs special care.

这也许会导致移植先于刀病情以后不稳固。因此病童须要除此以外看护。This will be much more common after emergency surgical procedures.这种原因在送医移植手术病童身上更常见。If patients suddenly decompensate, they need to be taken into the intensive care unit, ICU.如果病童突然代谢失调，须要将其送入风湿热提高卫生加护。Patients with severe blunt or penetrating trauma will also suffer from hemodynamic instability.钝挫伤及高能量创伤高血压还也许会浮现脏器流体动力学不稳固。Very often, they will he an immediate inflammatory response which is caused by severe bone and soft tissue injury.他们很有也许浮现急性瘙痒反可不，这是由轻微骨质或者腹腔受伤再加。If hypovolemic shock occurs, then it shows that the injury is serious. The patient sometimes needs blood transfusion to correct the deficit.如果浮现很低血容量性休克，这表明伤轻微。有时须要对病童顺利完成剩血来补充其体液肾脏。Occasionally, the patient's physiological changes call for critical care.病童的生理叠加多半也也许会须要除此以外监护。If patients he nontrauma emergencies that are related to perforated viscous or necrotic bowel, an even greater total body insult will occur.如果非创伤性疾病的送医高血压的病症与肠穿孔可压缩或肠坏死有关，那么高血压整个机体有也许受其严重影响。Each insult leads to a systemic inflammatory response.这些严重影响也许会分别导致各个循环系统的系统性瘙痒反可不。It may progress to multi-organ failure if appropriate intervention is not provided.如果不采取行动治疗，高血压也许浮现多循环系统功能衰竭 。Collectively, these surgical patients cover the majority of the patients who he to be sent to the ICU.总而言之，风湿热加护加护的高血压大部分是外科移植手术高血压。 五、术后以后

Ms. Wang, I'm hing a pain here.

王于心理医生，我这里很乖。I'll give you pain relieving medicine.我给你先于一些止乖药。It's better now. But I'm a little thirsty. Would you please give me some water?现在好些了。但是我很渴。你可以给我一些水吃吗？I'm afraid I can't. But I can moisten your lips to quench your thirst.抱歉，或许你现在不可以吃水。但是我可以在你的嘴唇上蘸一些水小弟你解渴。Thanks. When can I drink?明明。我什么时候可以吃水？When your bowel is sound and gag reflex returns.须要等你的肠鸣音和咽反射以后此后才可以吃。Then I can eat something?那时我就可以吃到东西了吗？I'm afraid you can't.或许不行。When can I eat?我什么时候才可以吃到东西？

You can take a liquid diet on the 1st postoperative day. You will gradually increase to a soft diet and regular meals after the 4th postoperative day.

移植手术一天此后你可以吃到一些流食。然后你慢慢地可以吃到软食，移植手术四天此后就可以较长时间用餐了。What's the liquid diet?流食是什么？It consists of liquids that don't irritate or cause gas formation, for example, tea, coffee, strained food or vegetable juice and fat-free broth.流食以无刺激性或者不也许会导致液体转化成的液体为主，例如茶、咖啡、截取食品、蔬菜汁和无脂鸡汤。What's the soft diet?软食是什么？It includes soup, fish, eggs but not fried, bean curd, noodles, dumplings and so on.软食有数鸡汤、鱼肉、非鸡肉鸡蛋、馒头、面条、饺子等等。Which kind of food should I oid?我可不该避免吃到哪些食物呢？Rich pastries, hey salad dressing, fried food, lard, etc.油腻的甜品、极少的巴拉酱菜肴、鸡肉食品、面粉等。Anything important?还有什么须要除此以外注意的吗？Yes, you'll do some breathing exercise tomorrow.有，明明你须要动手一些吞咽锻炼。Why?为什么？The exercise will help prevent respiratory complications.吞咽锻炼可以防治吞咽道出血。Will you help do the exercise or I do it myself?我要自己动手锻炼吗，还是你也许会辅导我？I'll help you and give you some advice.我也许会小弟你，给你提一些敦促。Can you tell me now how I will do it?你现在可以并不想到我怎样动手吗？Of course. Press your incision, breathe deeply and then cough. I will raise the head of your bed.当然可以。按住移植手术切口，深吞咽然后咳嗽。我也许会把你的怀中升高一些。I see.我想到了。Please press the button when you feel discomfort.如果你无法忍受有什么晕眩的话叮嘱按呼叫器。I will. Thank you.我也许会的，明明你。